دانلود رایگان مجموعه مقالات علمی اشپرینگر در زمینه منطق فازی — بخش چهارم
منطق فازی (Fuzzy Logic) اولین بار در پی تنظیم نظریه مجموعه‌های فازی به وسیله پروفسور لطفی زاده (۱۹۶۵ میلادی) در صحنه محاسبات نو ظاهر شد. در واقع منطق فازی از منطق ارزش‌های «صفر و یک» نرم‌افزارهای کلاسیک فراتر رفته و درگاهی جدید برای دنیای علوم نرم‌افزاری و رایانه‌ها می‌گشاید، زیرا فضای شناور و نامحدود بین اعداد صفر و یک را نیز در منطق و استدلال‌های خود به کار می‌گیرد. در ادامه مقالات علمی انتشارات بین المللی اشپرینگر (Springer) در زمینه منطق فازی (Fuzzy Logic) برای دانلود آمده است. می توانید برای دانلود هر یک از مقالات از سرور دانلود متلب سایت، بر روی لینک دانلود هر یک از آن ها، کلیک کنید.
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دانلود رایگان مجموعه مقالات علمی اشپرینگر در زمینه منطق فازی — فهرست اصلی
| عنوان اصلی مقاله | Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) Special Feature: Editorial |
| نوع مقاله | مقاله ژورنال |
| نویسندگان | Andy Thorpe, Pierre Failler, J. Maarten Bavinck |
| چکیده / توضیح | The number of MPAs has increased sharply, from just 118 in 1970 to well over 6,300 today. This growth in numbers has also been accompanied by a voluminous growth in the academic literature on the theme, with writers employing ecologic, economic and governance lenses (or a combination thereof) to both support the case for MPA creation, and to evaluate just how successfully (or not) existing MPAs match up to their promises. Research suggests effective management of such protected areas is vital if desired outcomes are to be achieved within the allotted time period. This Special Feature on MPAs therefore seeks to address two key questions derived from the management effectiveness framework of Hockings and others (2000), namely: ‘How appropriate are the management systems and processes in place?’ and ‘Were the desired Objectives achieved—and if so, why?’ Fourteen articles, drawing on different disciplinary perspectives relating to MPA experiences from across the globe, offers insights into these questions by considering, inter alia, how: are MPA sites selected?; is ‘buy-in’ to the process from the various stakeholders achieved?; are these stakeholder’s views reflected in the management systems that evolve?, and what monitoring and evaluation mechanisms are in place? Bringing these perspectives and approaches together through the medium of this Special Feature is thus intended to further our understanding of the different issues that may confront both planners and managers of Marine Protected Areas. |
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| عنوان اصلی مقاله | Using Ecological Indicators and a Decision Support System for Integrated Ecological Assessment at Two National Park Units in the Mid-Atlantic Region, USA |
| نوع مقاله | مقاله ژورنال |
| نویسندگان | Carolyn G. Mahan, John A. Young, Bruce J. Miller, Michael C. Saunders |
| چکیده / توضیح | We implemented an integrated ecological assessment using a GIS-based decision support system model for Upper Delaware Scenic and Recreational River (UPDE) and Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area (DEWA)—national park units with the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Our assessment examined a variety of aquatic and terrestrial indicators of ecosystem components that reflect the parks’ conservation purpose and reference condition. Our assessment compared these indicators to ecological thresholds to determine the condition of park watersheds. Selected indicators included chemical and physical measures of water quality, biologic indicators of water quality, and landscape condition measures. For the chemical and physical measures of water quality, we used a water quality index and each of its nine components to assess the condition of water quality in each watershed. For biologic measures of water quality, we used the Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera aquatic macroinvertebrate index and, secondarily, the Hilsenhoff aquatic macroinvertebrate index. Finally, for the landscape condition measures of our model, we used percent forest and percent impervious surface. Based on our overall assessment, UPDE and DEWA watersheds had an ecological assessment score of 0.433 on a −1 to 1 fuzzy logic scale. This score indicates that, in general, the natural resource condition within watersheds at these parks is healthy or ecologically unimpaired; however, we had only partial data for many of our indicators. Our model is iterative and new data may be incorporated as they become available. These natural parks are located within a rapidly urbanizing landscape—we recommend that natural resource managers remain vigilant to surrounding land uses that may adversely affect natural resources within the parks. |
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| عنوان اصلی مقاله | Adaptive servo-ventilation therapy using an innovative ventilator for patients with chronic heart failure: a real-world, multicenter, retrospective, observational study (SAVIOR-R) |
| نوع مقاله | مقاله ژورنال |
| نویسندگان | Shin-ichi Momomura, Yoshihiko Seino, Yasuki Kihara, Hitoshi Adachi, Yoshio Yasumura, Hiroyuki Yokoyama |
| چکیده / توضیح | Adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV) therapy using an innovative ventilator—originally developed to treat sleep-disordered breathing (SDB)—is a novel modality of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation and is gaining acceptance among Japanese cardiologists in expectation of its applicability to treat patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) based on its acute beneficial hemodynamic effects. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective, real-world observational study in 115 Japanese patients with CHF, who had undergone home ASV therapy for the first time from January through December 2009, to examine their profile and the effects on their symptoms and hemodynamics. Medical records were used to investigate New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, echocardiographic parameters including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiothoracic ratio (CTR), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and other variables. Most of the patients were categorized to NYHA classes II (44.4 %) and III (40.7 %). SDB severity was not determined in 44 patients, and SDB was not detected or was mild in 27 patients. In at least 71 patients (61.7 %), therefore, ASV therapy was not applied for the treatment of SDB. CHF was more severe, i.e., greater NYHA class, lower LVEF, and higher CTR, in 87 ASV-continued patients (75.7 %) than in 28 ASV-discontinued patients (24.3 %). However, SDB severity was not related to continuity of ASV. The combined proportion of NYHA classes III and IV (P = 0.012) and LVEF (P = 0.009) improved significantly after ASV therapy. CTR and BNP did not improve significantly after ASV therapy but showed significant beneficial changes in their time-course analysis (P < 0.05, respectively). Improvements in LVEF and NYHA class after ASV therapy were not influenced by SDB severity at onset. The present study suggests that ASV therapy would improve the symptoms and hemodynamics of CHF patients, regardless of SDB severity. A randomized clinical study to verify these effects is warranted. |
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| عنوان اصلی مقاله | Quantitative reactive modeling and verification |
| نوع مقاله | مقاله ژورنال |
| نویسندگان | Thomas A. Henzinger |
| چکیده / توضیح | Formal verification aims to improve the quality of software by detecting errors before they do harm. At the basis of formal verification is the logical notion of correctness, which purports to capture whether or not a program behaves as desired. We suggest that the boolean partition of software into correct and incorrect programs falls short of the practical need to assess the behavior of software in a more nuanced fashion against multiple criteria. We therefore propose to introduce quantitative fitness measures for programs, specifically for measuring the function, performance, and robustness of reactive programs such as concurrent processes. |
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| عنوان اصلی مقاله | Risk analysis and crisis response |
| نوع مقاله | مقاله ژورنال |
| نویسندگان | Cengiz Kahraman |
| چکیده / توضیح | Today’s society is a risk society, filled with challenges as well as opportunities. Frightened by catastrophic events, such as 9.11, SARS, Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, South Asia earthquake disaster, and bird flu, people increasingly regard risk and crisis as urgent issues. The term risk analysis has different interpretations among various environments. However, there is a growing acceptance that risk analysis involves the development of the probability distribution for the measure of effectiveness. Furthermore, the risk associated is generally either given as the probability of an unfavorable value for the measure of effectiveness or measured by the variance of measure of effectiveness. |
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| عنوان اصلی مقاله | Comparative study of monthly inflow prediction methods for the Three Gorges Reservoir |
| نوع مقاله | مقاله ژورنال |
| نویسندگان | Yun Wang, Shenglian Guo, Hua Chen, Yanlai Zhou |
| چکیده / توضیح | Due to the complexity of influencing factors and the limitation of existing scientific knowledge, current monthly inflow prediction accuracy is unable to meet the requirements of various water users yet. A flow time series is usually considered as a combination of quasi-periodic signals contaminated by noise, so prediction accuracy can be improved by data preprocess. Singular spectrum analysis (SSA), as an efficient preprocessing method, is used to decompose the original inflow series into filtered series and noises. Current application of SSA only selects filtered series as model input without considering noises. This paper attempts to prove that noise may contain hydrological information and it cannot be ignored, a new method that considerers both filtered and noises series is proposed. Support vector machine (SVM), genetic programming (GP), and seasonal autoregressive (SAR) are chosen as the prediction models. Four criteria are selected to evaluate the prediction model performance: Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency, Water Balance efficiency, relative error of annual average maximum (REmax) monthly flow and relative error of annual average minimum (REmin) monthly flow. The monthly inflow data of Three Gorges Reservoir is analyzed as a case study. Main results are as following: (1) coupling with the SSA, the performance of the SVM and GP models experience a significant increase in predicting the inflow series. However, there is no significant positive change in the performance of SAR (1) models. (2) After considering noises, both modified SSA-SVM and modified SSA-GP models perform better than SSA-SVM and SSA-GP models. Results of this study indicated that the data preprocess method SSA can significantly improve prediction precision of SVM and GP models, and also proved that noises series still contains some information and has an important influence on model performance. |
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| عنوان اصلی مقاله | Software development with imperfect information |
| نوع مقاله | مقاله ژورنال |
| نویسندگان | Joost Noppen, Pim van den Broek, Mehmet Akşit |
| چکیده / توضیح | Delivering software systems that fulfill all requirements of the stakeholders is very difficult, if not at all impossible. We consider the problem of coping with imperfect information, like interpreting incomplete requirement specifications or vagueness in decisions, one of the main reasons that makes software design difficult. We define a method for tracing design decisions under imperfect information. To model and compare requirements with estimations, we present fuzzy and stochastic techniques. This approach offers adequate decision support that can deal with imperfect information during software design. The approach is illustrated by a real-world example, based on a storm surge barrier system. |
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| عنوان اصلی مقاله | A special issue on decision intelligence with soft computing |
| نوع مقاله | مقاله ژورنال |
| نویسندگان | Jie Lu, Guangquan Zhang |
| چکیده / توضیح | Decision intelligence brings together traditional business intelligence and decision support systems (DSS) to improve complex, dynamic, uncertain, and un-structured decision problems. Intelligent DSS, along with knowledge-based decision analysis methods, incorporating databases/data warehouses, model bases and intellectual resources, have been well developed. Decision intelligence systems can remove the need to always store data first in a database/data warehouse before it can be used for decision-making. It therefore enables organizations to better understand their dynamic business processes and the factors that affect business performance, which leads to better decisions. |
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| عنوان اصلی مقاله | Recent advances on machine learning and Cybernetics |
| نوع مقاله | مقاله ژورنال |
| نویسندگان | Witold Pedrycz, Daniel Yeung, Xizhao Wang |
| چکیده / توضیح | During the past decades, the developments of machine learning and Cybernetics realized in the framework of soft computing techniques such as rough sets, neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, fuzzy logic, support vector machines and Granular Computing have enjoyed a considerable visibility. We have been witnessing a wealth of interesting pursuits when it comes to the fundamentals of machine learning and Cybernetics as well as their numerous applications. |
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| عنوان اصلی مقاله | Using fuzzy logic modelling to simulate farmers’ decision-making on diversification and integration in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam |
| نوع مقاله | مقاله ژورنال |
| نویسندگان | Roel Bosma, Uzay Kaymak, Jan van den Berg, Henk Udo, Johan Verreth |
| چکیده / توضیح | To reveal farmers’ motives for on-farm diversification and integration of farming components in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, we developed a fuzzy logic model (FLM) using a 10-step approach. Farmers’ decision-making was mimicked in a three-layer hierarchical architecture of fuzzy inference systems, using data of 72 farms. The model includes three variables for family motives of diversification, six variables related to component integration, next to variables for the production factors and for farmers’ appreciation of market prices and know-how on 10 components. To obtain a good classification rate of the less frequent activities, additional individual fine-tuning was necessary after general model calibration. To obtain the desired degree of sensitivity to each variable, it was necessary to use up to five linguistic values for some of the input and output variables in the intermediate hierarchical layers. Model’s sensitivity to motivational variables determining diversification and integration was of the same magnitude as its sensitivity to market prices and farmers’ know-how of the activities, but less than its sensitivity to labour, capital and land endowment. Modelling to support strategic decision-making seems too elaborate for individual farms, but FLM will be useful to integrate farmers’ opinions in strategic decision-making at higher hierarchical levels. |
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